At a Glance Notes: [Chapter 3] Users Physical Capabilities

1. Human Capabilities and Limitations

Definition: The fundamental principle that drives all good interface design - understanding the specific capabilities and limitations of humans to create experiences that work with human nature rather than fighting against it. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • Visual channel
  • Auditory channel
  • Haptic channel
  • Movement
  • Information processing limitations
  • Four main physical interaction channels

2. Visual Channel

Definition: How humans see and process visual information, including the eye’s mechanism and the various limitations and quirks of the human visual system that directly impact interface design. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • Retina (Cones vs. Rods)
  • Peripheral vision
  • Motion detection
  • Color blindness
  • Context effects
  • Visual illusions
  • Size constancy
  • Depth perception
  • Word shape recognition
  • ALL CAPS readability issues
  • Visual pattern processing

3. Auditory Channel

Definition: How humans hear and process sound information, including the ability to filter and focus audio input, used strategically in interface design for feedback, attention, and location cues. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • Hearing frequency range (20Hz to 15kHz)
  • Cocktail party phenomenon
  • Attention filtering
  • Feedback provision
  • Location cues
  • Alert systems
  • Background noise processing
  • Age-related hearing changes

4. Haptic Channel

Definition: The sense of touch and physical feedback that provides crucial environmental information and can serve as the primary sense for accessibility, especially for visually impaired users. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • Tactile sensitivity variations
  • Keyboard feedback
  • Touch-based navigation
  • Accessibility applications
  • Physical confirmation
  • Environmental feedback
  • Textured interfaces

5. Movement

Definition: The science of human response including reaction times, movement times, and the physical capabilities that determine how quickly and accurately humans can interact with interfaces. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • Reaction time components
  • Visual stimuli response (~200ms)
  • Auditory stimuli response (~150ms)
  • System response time thresholds (0.1s, 1s, 10s)
  • Movement time factors
  • Age and fitness variations
  • Fitts’ Law
  • Target distance and width
  • Infinite edge width
  • Corner advantages

6. Sensory Interaction

Definition: How different human senses work together and influence each other’s perception, demonstrating that senses don’t operate in isolation and can create combined perceptions different from individual sensory inputs. Subtopics/Characteristics:

  • McGurk effect
  • Audio-visual integration
  • Cross-sensory influence
  • Consistency requirements
  • Mismatched cue confusion
  • Multi-sensory design considerations